【China Daily】Border residents face higher risk of infection 边境防艾　任重道远|媒体报道

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【China Daily】Border residents face higher risk of infection 边境防艾　任重道远

返回列表加入收藏来源：青爱发布日期：2016-10-31 浏览：-|

盈江县大山里寨子里的一户普通家庭

　　杨春燕的工作需要她每天奔波于山区的各个村落。在西部云南崎岖的山路上，有时候，她一走就是一整天。但这个精力充沛的女人，还总是脚蹬一双颜色靓丽的10厘米高跟鞋。

　　今年38岁的杨春燕，是一名防艾、禁毒教育的倡导者。她说，打扮的漂亮，是为了把自己最有活力、最富有朝气的一面展现给当地老百姓，让他们相信，自己所倡导的观念和知识，能给他们的生活和下一代带来同样美好的改变。

　　作为大盈江公益慈善协会的负责人，杨春燕从2012年开始跟中国青少年艾滋病防治教育工程办公室合作。当年青爱工程就在盈江建了六个青爱小屋。云南省与缅甸、老挝、越南三国之间有长达4000千米的边界线。

　　杨春燕在盈江出生、长大，她说，贩毒、吸毒是当地居民日日面对的卫生挑战，然而最严峻的危胁来自艾滋病。　　

　　过去四年间，她见证过许多心碎的故事。她讲到一个14岁的女孩例子，这女孩六月份死于艾滋病。　　

　　这个景颇族女孩从母亲那里感染了艾滋病。这位母亲在一次流产之后，要求女儿给她一点血喝（当地一种迷信，认为喝血可以帮助病人快速痊愈）。女孩拒绝了。为了喝到她的血，这位母亲咬了她，使她受到感染。　　

　　我们听过太多悲惨故事。男人背井离乡到边境去赚钱养家，那边大量吸毒者、卖淫者，他们都属于艾滋高危人群。“因为缺少基本的艾滋病常识，许多人感染了艾滋病，又经由无防护的性行为把艾滋病传染给了他们的妻子”，杨春燕介绍说。　　

　　“许多孩子的父母死于艾滋病。他们需要公众的支持、理解和尊重”，杨春燕说。　　

　　她说：“尽管年轻一代比他们的父母更多地接触毒品和艾滋病毒感染源，但他们的性知识和防病知识非常有限，所以有效地性教育是极有必要的。”　　　　

　　除了青爱小屋，青爱工程在全国还建了11个青爱基地。青爱基地充分利用当地资源，吸引外部资源为青爱办提供外部支持，同时利用青爱基地自身的主导角色，资源或专业优势，为当地青爱小屋提供政策上，资源上，专业和管理上的指导支持，促进小屋建设。　　

　　今年四月份，在西藏自治区拉萨城关区疾控中心工作的次仁旺拉参加了成都大学青爱基地的培训。成都大学是青爱工程四川基地所在地。　　

　　他告诉我们：“在过去的五年间，西藏的艾滋病案例呈增长趋势。当地卫生部门做了很大努力来控制艾滋在成年人当中的流行，但在青少年中的防艾和性教育仍是空白”。　　　

　　青爱工程四川基地的帮助下，目前拉萨有八所学校向学生提供防艾和性教育辅修课。在西藏，微信也是一种热门的社交平台。次仁旺拉在微信上开了一个公众号，目前该公众号有大约8000位粉丝。次仁旺拉每天都发布一条60秒的语音，主要推广的内容和健康教育、防艾信息和诊疗等知识有关。

　　次仁旺拉说：“订阅用户每天都发一些问题给我，他们的关注让我感受到很深的使命感，我想跟那些需要的人去传播知识。我所做的，未必能在短期内看出效应，但是却有可能改变下一代人的生活”。

Despite often spending several hours a day walking between villages in the mountainous areas of Southwest China's Yunnan province, Yang Chunyan always wears shoes with 10-centimeter-high stiletto heels.

The 38-year-old advocate of HIV/AIDS control and anti-drug education said she wants to present a dynamic, sophisticated image that will impress the local people and reinforce the message she is trying to convey.

As the director of the Yingjiang Charity Federation, Yang has cooperated with the AIDS Prevention Education Project for Chinese Youth since 2012, when it piloted six "Youth Love Stations" in Yingjiang county in Yunnan.

The province shares a 4,000-km-long border with Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam.

Yang, who was born and raised in Yingjiang, said drug trafficking and addiction pose great challenges to local people's health, but the biggest and deadliest threat comes from HIV/AIDS.

She has witnessed countless heartbreaking stories in the past four years. As an example, she recounted how a 14-year-old girl died from AIDS in June.

The girl, a member of the Jingpo ethnic group, was infected by her mother, an AIDS patient who had an abortion. The mother asked her daughter to donate fresh blood for her to drink (in accordance with a local superstition that supposedly promotes rapid recovery from illness). When the girl refused, the mother bit her in an attempt to taste her blood, and the girl became infected.

"We've heard too many sad stories here. Men leave the village and head closer to the border to earn money for their families. They are exposed to drugs and prostitutes, the high-risk groups for HIV/AIDS. Without any basic knowledge of AIDS, many become infected and they spread the disease to their wives through unprotected sex," Yang said.

"Many children have lost their parents to AIDS. They need support, understanding and respect from the public," she said.

Effective sex education is desperately needed because although young people have greater exposure to drugs and HIV/AIDS than their parents' generation, they have limited access to information related to sex and the prevention of disease, she added.

The AIDS prevention project runs 11 Youth Love Stations across the country.

In April, Tsering Wanglha, who works at the Chengguan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Lhasa, the capital of the Tibet autonomous region, participated in a training class at Chengdu University, which hosts a Youth Love Base.

The number of new AIDS cases in Tibet has risen in the past five years, he said.

"The local health department has made great efforts to control the disease among adults, but education remains a blank page for young people," he said.

With the help of the AIDS prevention project, eight schools in Lhasa now provide optional lectures on safe sex and AIDS prevention.

WeChat is used widely in Tibet, so Tsering Wanglha has opened a public account on the popular social networking platform. The account has attracted about 8,000 subscribers. Tsering Wanglha posts a 60-second voice message every day, mainly related to health education and including information on HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.

"People send me questions every day. I feel a deep responsibility and want to spread knowledge to more people in need. What I am doing probably won't have an impact in the short term, but it may change the lives of the next generation," he said.

written by Yang Wanli , China Daily

记者　杨万丽